Añuapp
Añuapp is a bilingual Spanish-Guarani mental health app for teenagers and young people.
It's a bilingual Spanish-Guarani mobile app focused on preventing and coping with stress, anxiety, depression, increasing hope, finding psychological help, and preventing suicide. To do that, it uses strategies based on evidence and gamified learning.
The app has four main sections:
- Selfcare: it has resources of prevention and coping with stress, anxiety and depression based on evidence. It uses the cognitive-behavioural model. It has three parts:
- Think good, feel good: based on the ABC model. Has comics, infographics, short stories and motivational testimonies.
- Gratitude jar: a daily plan the user makes with a list of things they like to do and a jar to say thanks for the good moments.
- I want to relax: with guided deep breathing technique and a relaxing music playlist.
- Support network: contains a guide to make a support network. The user is able to put their trusted contacts when they need to talk and has shortcuts to make calls and messages.
- Emergency hotlines: contains emergency hotlines and a button to schedule for therapeutic attention.
- Mental health map: contains a map with mental health services and a directory with the free mental health services.
The main problems we identified are: 1) the unsatisfied demand for mental health services in populations from vulnerable sectors; 2) the lack of digital mental health solutions for Guarani-speaking people, who constitute a majority in Paraguay (80%); 3) the high incidence of suicides and preventable mental health problems in young population; 4) the need to include generational, ethnic, gender and non-discrimination perspectives in mental health resources.
The neglect of mental health problems has serious effects on the population, since it constitutes the third cause of violent death in Paraguay and most frequently affects people between 18 and 29 years old (3). Suicide attempts are more frequent in women, although there are more men among suicides because they use more lethal methods (3). One of the main causes of morbidity and disability among adolescents (1) is suicidal behavior, adolescent women register a greater number of suicide attempts than men, which is significantly related to sexual abuse (1).
A study with adolescents reports that among high school students who made suicide attempts, serious situations of mental health disorders were found that were not detected in time (1). Most patients with suicidal behavior had no diagnosis and had a family history of mental disorders and a previous suicide attempt (3). Access to mental health services is limited for economic reasons, in Paraguay the poorest regions and with the largest Guarani-speaking population have higher suicide rates (2), and speaking Guarani is related to factors of discrimination.
The COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the increase in mental health problems and suicides, directly linked to mental health problems that were not treated (1). Violence against women also increased, calls to SOS Mujer increased by 78% (2). There is an unmet need for mental health services, especially in low-income populations (2), and a study that tested the use of Apps with women from vulnerable areas reported the acceptance, demand, and use of digital solutions (2). For this reason, we identified young people between the ages of 15 and 24 who speak Guarani as a target for AñuApp, with specific attention to gender-based violence. In addition, we will adjust the target in consultation with potential users to develop the prototype to be tested.
Public mental health services are scarce, and private services are very expensive. The existing services are little known, although the MSPyBS launched a directory of mental health services, but its dissemination is scarce, and they are not georeferenced. AñuApp will have direct access to existing services and will be mapped on GoogleMaps, so that people can easily find help. AñuApp will have psychoeducational resources on self-care based on the cognitive behavioral model, which has evidence in the prevention of mental health problems. A study with high school students reported that learning the ABC model was effective in strengthening the mental health of adolescents: it reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety, increased hope and self-esteem.
Part of the team that is part of the Interact Club has been researching since 2020 about mental health, discrimination, and sexual abuse in the context of the pandemic. They made virtual discussion meetings and awareness materials. In addition, Letizia was a logistical support volunteer for the main researcher for a study on mental health, technology, and women in the context of the pandemic (1).
To define the concept, we made interviews with specialized people, Moli Molinas and José Britos (mentors of this project), both authors of the mentioned research. We reviewed specialized literature, papers on the problem and made a map of actors and stakeholders we need to involve.
Since the target is young people from vulnerable sectors who speak Guarani, we sought to connect with people and organizations with that profile. That’s how we contacted Ivana Castillo, an activist from the Bañados of Asuncion, and we invited her to be part of the team. Ivana had previously worked with our mentor on a research and social experiment on prevention of sexual violence in an emergency context supported by Oxfam (2). She is part of the Guerrilla Verde youth group, and we are currently in the process of negotiating an alliance with this group to involve the participation of potential users in the co-creation and participative testing of the app so it is appropriate to the needs and characteristics of the target audience.
- Improving healthcare access and health outcomes; and reducing and ultimately eliminating health disparities (Health)
- Concept: An idea being explored for its feasibility to build a product, service, or business model based on that idea
AñuApp is an idea that we developed in consultation with specialists and stakeholders, and right now we are starting consultations to develop the prototype and test a pilot with potential users. In this matter, we contacted the Guerrilla Verde group from Bañado de Asunción as potential users of the app.
We invited Ivana, who is part of Guerrilla Verde, to the AñuApp team to facilitate the link with community participation and have a more active participation in the design and validation of the app.
With the support of our mentors, we are also planning the construction of a business model, which is in the preliminary phase.
