2020 Mission Billion Challenge: Global Prize
AmSecure - Blockchain powered Digital ID
One-line solution summary:
Development of a Blockchain-Based Interoperable National ID System
Pitch your solution.
Approximately 1.1 billion people around the world have no proof of identity, and 45% of those without an identity are among the poorest 20% on the planet. Cumbersome identification paperwork processes, expenses, lack of access, and the simple lack of knowledge around personal identity are primary roadblocks that keep over a billion individuals outside of traditional identification systems. Without possessing physical identities, one cannot enroll in school, apply for jobs, get a passport, or access many governmental services. Having an identity is crucial to gaining access to the existing financial system. Conversely, 60% of the 2.7 billion unbanked people already own mobile phones, which paves the way for blockchain-based mobile identity solutions which better suit the needs of vulnerable citizens. The traditional identity systems of today are fragmented, insecure, and exclusive.
Blockchain enables more secure management and storage of digital identities by providing unified, interoperable, and tamper-proof infrastructure with key benefits to enterprises, users, and IoT management systems.
The AmSecure initiative can be pioneered by governments that grant a digital, decentralized, sovereign identity to each of its citizens. This identity enables citizens to partake in government-related activities like getting verified by city officials, casting votes, and accessing government services.
What specific problem are you solving?
Identity is integral to a functioning society and economy. Having a proper way to identify ourselves and our possessions enables us to create thriving societies and global markets. At its most basic level, identity is a collection of claims about a person, place or thing. For people, this usually consists of first and last name, date of birth, nationality, and some form of a national identifier such as passport number, social security number (SSN), driving license, etc. These data points are issued by centralized entities (governments) and are stored in centralized databases (central government servers).
Physical forms of identification aren’t widely available to every human for various reasons. Approximately 1.1 billion people worldwide don’t have a way to claim ownership over their identity. This leaves one-seventh of the world’s population in a vulnerable state – unable to vote in elections, own property, open a bank account, or find employment. The inability to attain identification documentation jeopardizes a person’s access to the financial system and in turn, limits their freedom.
Citizens with officially recognized forms of identification continue to lack complete ownership and control over their identities. They have a fragmented online identification experience and unknowingly lose the value that their data generates. Companies holding their data are subjected to frequent hacks, which forces a lifetime of fraud mitigation for the end-user. Once a social security number is issued and lost, there is little to no recourse.
Who does your solution serve, and in what ways will the solution impact their lives?
The solution targets the
vulnerable groups/unserved –informal workers, homeless and refugees who
need these IDs as a basic necessity. By partnering with nonprofits for
user understanding and participation, we strive to use our data to
streamline the process of allowing those without proper identification
to become integrated back into the workforce. We wish to welcome the
dreamers, undocumented immigrants, refugees, veterans, and anyone else
pushed into the background and provide them with the resources to create
the life they deserve.
The platform lets users establish, own and utilize their digital identity. The
encrypted digital ID platform allows users to build their digital reputation and deploy it in a number of ways. Users can input their attested government ID, social profile, and financial status based from
verified documents, then use the platform to deploy necessary
information without ever giving up true ownership of the data. With
attestations – essentially endorsements – from third parties that can
verify your information is valid, your phone becomes your universal
identifier – better not lose it.
Which dimension of the Challenge does your solution most closely address?
Explain how the problem, your solution, and your solution’s target population relate to the Mission Billion Challenge Global Prize and your selected dimension.
The solution is a coordinated, robust and a universal identification system
that in turn promotes social and economic inclusion and sustainable
development outcomes for poorly-connected populations including rural
and remote communities, the forcibly displaced, stateless persons and
other marginalized groups by ensuring that everyone—especially vulnerable and marginalized groups—are able to apply/register for an ID in a way that
protects their health, data, and the integrity of the ID system with or without access to internet or computers.
It also proposes an innovative model that facilitates easy accessibility to services by marginalized and vulnerable populations no matter where they are.
Where is your solution team headquartered?
Kampala, UgandaWhat is your solution’s stage of development?
Who is the primary delegate for your solution?
Joseph Mulabbi
If you have additional video content that explains your solution, provide a YouTube or Vimeo link here:
Which of the following categories best describes your solution?
Describe what makes your solution innovative.
Traditional, “centralized: an organization issues to users (or allows to create) a digital credential(account) that users can use to access its service. Trust between you and the organization is typically established through the use of shared secrets, username and a password. Sometimes shared secrets are augmented with additional factors such as physical tokens or biometrics.
Data kept in a centralized way is subject to hacks (e.g. the Equifax breach), user do not have control on their identities and easily lose track of their identities, high costs for organizations, which must have large infrastructures in place
For third-party IDP systems,every time a user wants to use a service, the Service Provider must «communicate» with the Identity Provider, in order to authenticate the user.
Both traditional & third-party IDP systems are fragmented, insecure, and exclusive.
Blockchain enables more secure management and storage of digital identities by providing unified, interoperable, and tamper-proofinfrastructure with key benefits to enterprises, users, and IoT management systems.
- Envisions the user as central actor controlling everything related to its identity in a «digital wallet» that contains verifiable claims related to him, like its curriculum, passport, bachelor degree certificate.
- Adopts a user-centric approach, eliminating central points of failure by empowering individuals with self-sovereign possession over their own data.
- Users and organizations can present digitally signed claims related to them, which have been signed by a new role in the system: the Identity Certifier. The verification process of the signed claims is automatic and with no intermediary needed
Provide evidence that your solution works.
- BanQu, a start-up from the United States, is using blockchain technology to create secure and verified IDs for the world’s most vulnerable populations. Through the BanQu app that runs on any mobile phone, an individual can build his or her online profile through facial and voice recognition and start tracking everything from educational qualifications to transaction history. Over time, users build up a financial ID, eventually being able to open bank accounts, own property and access healthcare and other basic services.
- Sierra Leone National Digital Identity Platform blockchain debuts in 2020. The project is a partnership between Sierra Leone and the UN. It is being implemented by fintech firm Kiva and will have a financial inclusion component. Credit history will be recorded on the digital ID, allowing people to access credit instantly.
- Blockchain Will Help Us Prove Our Identities in a Digital World.
- In early 2017 the U.N. World Food Program launched the first stage of what it calls “Building Block,” giving food and cash assistance to needy families in Pakistan’s Sindh province. An internet-connected smartphone authenticated and recorded payments from the U.N. agency to food vendors, ensuring the recipients got help, the merchants got paid and the agency didn’t lose track of its money. The agency expects using a blockchain system will reduce its overhead costs from 3.5 percent to less than 1 percent. And it can speed aid to remote or disaster-struck areas, where ATMs may not exist or banks are not functioning normally. In urgent situations, blockchain currency can even take the place of scarce local cash, allowing aid organizations, residents and merchants to exchange money electronically.
Please select the technologies currently used in your solution:
What is your theory of change?
Presenting the decentralized approach to identity management
Decentralized identity is how individuals control when, where and with whom they share their credentials. In the physical world, we take this sharing of credentials for granted – yet a secure, smart way to do this has been long missing in the digital world.
That’s about to change. Creating a decentralized approach to identity management – enabled by blockchain – building on top of open standards in combination with Decentralized Identity Foundation (DIF), World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and other standards groups.
Puts control of your personal data back into your hands rather than being in the hands of industry giants.
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Addresses issues faced by refugees. They have to no country they belong to. They don’t have proper documentation. They cannot borrow money, open an account, buy a house or start a business. They remain as non-entities and cannot participate in society.
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Removes the need to deal with bureaucratic processes for passport creation.
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Enhances security and privacy of medical records and intellectual property, while facilitating compliance with regulations protecting patient data.
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Simplifies KYC processes. Currently every bank and financial institution individually performs the KYC process, validates the information and documents and stores a digitized version. With digital identity being maintained on a shared ledger, banks can access relevant parts of the stored data (with customer consent) and perform due diligence.
How can your solution be incorporated into identification systems?
Most simply, a blockchain is an inexpensive and transparent way to
record transactions. People who don’t know each other – and therefore
may not trust each other – can securely exchange money without fear of
fraud or theft. Major aid agencies, nonprofits and startup companies are
working to extend blockchain systems across the developing world to help poor people around the world get easier access to banks for loans or to protect their savings.
Blockchain can support the creation of digital ID for refugees, asylum seekers, and other vulnerable groups in the African region, who often do not own legal document or have lost them during their journeys.
It can help create and validate individuals’ identities. Using only an
internet-connected smartphone, a person is photographed and recorded on
video making particular facial expressions and speaking, reading an
on-screen text. The data are recorded on a blockchain and can be
accessed later by anyone who needs to check that person’s identity.
Without email, phones, passports or even birth certificates, a
blockchain could be the only way many poor people have to prove who they
are. That could really make their lives better and expand their
opportunities.
The digital ID can be utilised by refugees and asylum seekers as a payment system.
Blockchain identity management systems could be used to eradicate current identity issues such as
-Inaccessibility:
-Data insecurit
-Fraudulent identities
The AmSecure initiative can be pioneered by governments that grant a
digital, decentralized, sovereign identity to each of its citizens. This
identity enables citizens to partake in government-related activities
like getting verified by city officials, casting votes, and accessing
government services.
Describe how 'user friendly' your solution is to incorporate into a digital identification system.
Before, the idea of having a blockchain self-sovereign ID system where individuals have total control over their information quickly arose problems. Sensitive data would spread in the network and encounter regulatory obstacles as most governments don’t allow the sharing of national information overseas. The idea has evolved, and a more accepted concept is the one of having an identity wallet in which the citizen stores verified credentials from trusted authorities certifying they count with certain attributes (credit score < 100, female, employed, over 18). Keep in mind that we should keep it simple; there is a difference between letting an entity know you are over 18 and letting them know that you are exactly 35 years old. Looking at the image above, let’s say that Alice wants to get into a bar. She would only have to share her age information with the bar,demonstrating that she is older than 21. Nothing else. Simple.
This solution allows Alice to choose what information to share with whom and how much, and improved security comes by decentralizing the database and eliminating a single point of failure risk. Providing information would be as easy as pushing a button instead of bringing a bunch of documents to let’s say the bank teller. Also, any changes in the evolution of the ID are traceable and timestamped.
in another case scenario, Imagine a scene where you wouldn’t have to display your government identity proof each time you wish to prove your identity, rather you just use your phone to scan a QR code and the system would know its you.
The features of such an identity are the following:
- Digital: No paper required. Everything is on the web and it is automated.
- Decentralised: No single siloed database would be used which may be susceptible to security infringement.
- Sovereign: Your identity is under your control and not under government’s control, and it is all in your phone.
Explain how your solution is interoperable with existing technologies and open standards.
The system is based on a distributed, decentralized model in which multiple parties collaborate and build trust over a business network. The emergence of blockchain began with Bitcoin, which is a public blockchain that can be used by an individual or entity for the exchange of cryptocurrency. The underlying blockchain technology was then applied to enterprise use cases by leveraging permissioned blockchain platforms in which one or more peers/nodes represents a participating entity, and this network of nodes is used to broadcast transactions and reach consensus before it is committed to the ledger. Each node is intended to be self-sufficient with the ability to serve any distributed applications and/or existing enterprise applications. Each of the participating entities interacts with the blockchain network through its respective node via certain integration techniques.
Application Programming Interface (API) based – Communication with each blockchain node can be enabled by using a blockchain specific software development kit (SDK). This SDK layer can connect to the local or remote blockchain node (via gRPC, HTTP, IPC, etc.) and enable the posting of transactions to the blockchain node. The SDK is usually available in multiple programming languages such as NodeJS, Java, Python, GoLang, Rust, etc. This SDK functionality can be exposed as REST APIs so that it can be consumed by off-chain components such as a web-based or mobile application as well as the existing enterprise applications of an organization. A standardized integration mechanism is available by which transactions can be submitted to the blockchain network, and ledger data can be queried. This API layer becomes a part of the Distributed App (DAPP) layer that is provisioned with each blockchain node. API management (security, throttling, monitoring, etc.) is required for production-grade implementations.
Event-based – Smart contracts are not allowed to directly invoke or consume any external interface, but custom events can be triggered from it. These events can be captured by the blockchain SDK layer and used to send out updates and notifications to the off-chain components. For example, this technique can be used to update an existing legacy or enterprise resource planning (ERP) system as soon as the blockchain ledger is updated. This event-driven integration ensures that blockchain can initiate interactions and integrate with the external world.
How does your solution account for low connectivity environments and for users with low literacy and numeracy levels?
With the help and partnership of governments, we will adopt and
implement a CRA-Community Registration Agent model where agents can go
to different communities to educate and guide community disconnected
people on how best they can apply without necessarily going to the
government offices and without providing paper proofs. The CRAs will be
able to directly have people set-up their digital IDs through the
available platform structure and also through their feature phones if we
see it feasible.
We would consider setting up an offline version of the platform through which those without internet and with low literacy can be guided through the process of setting their digital ID using their ordinary phones which later can be embedded on the digital database without the person uploading the data knowing the details of the data owner.
It could be through for instance for non internet users and those with low literacy and numeracy levels, all they have to do to register is by texting/calling a service center where the center operator helps them set up their identity using their own ordinary phones by taking not of the names, phone number, Date of birth, Gender and Nationality and providing the names of their family members who can then be directly contacted by the operator and have them prove the identity of the applicant. By them proving the applicant's identity they can also allow the operator have access to their personal data so as to prove where they are really related based on location, Nationality etc.
All of these identity claims are then anonymously sealed on a public blockchain and stored on a second permissioned and cryptographically secured distributed ledger. At this point, confidence in the customer’s identity is at a base level.
Select the key characteristics of your target population.
In which countries will you be operating within the next year?
How many people does your solution currently serve? How many will it serve in one year? In five years?
It's still an idea not yet implemented and developed.
We are hopeful that once it is developed in 12months over 1,000,000 identities can be created, and in five years we shall be able to have solved Identity related challenges for over 50,000,000 people in over 20 countries across the Sub-Saharan Africa.
What are your goals within the next year and within the next five years?
-Our most important goal is design the platform upon which blockchain identities will be authenticated.
-Establish partnership with tech companies to with the potential to design the platform from zero to scale.
-Partner with governments and states to implement the identity platform all across Africa
-Carry out fundraising drives to raise investment capital that will aid us in the way forward in running and maintaining the platform this will be through donations, grant applications, venture capital etc.
What barriers currently exist for you to accomplish your goals in the next year and in the next five years?
1-Acceptance of the technology by governments
2-Financial constraints
How do you plan to overcome these barriers?
1-Using the connections and network acquired from this competition for example the World Bank, we shall get a better makerting platform and endorsement that will help us convince potential government customers to joinin.
2-We shall try as much as possible to leverage the available opportunities to raise funds through grant applications and also licensing our IP to get money.
What type of organization is your solution team?
If you selected Other, please explain here.
N/A
How many people work on your solution team?
The team is composed of 4 entrepreneurs working together to bring this model to the market.
How long have you been working on your solution?
One month now
Why are you and your team well-positioned to deliver this solution?
-We are very experienced individuals in both business and technology.
-Three of the team members are soft ware engineers with over 5 years each.
-We also experienced in design innovative market products that add value to millions of lives.
-Above all we are committed to our cause and nothing can be a limit to how much we are set to accomplish.
What organizations do you currently partner with, if any? How are you working with them?
We currently have no partnering organizations because we are still in the idea phase.
What is your business model?
For Enterprises
Enterprises benefit from a cost-effective identity utility that is interoperable with anyone who uses Decentralized Identifiers. Authorized employees can seamlessly access restricted data without the need for usernames or passwords. Organizations gain the ability to create dynamic identity management rules with ease.
For Governments
The solution provides interoperable identity
management infrastructure that enables citizens to connect with separate
government services using the same digital credentials.
For Social
Decentralized social networks, peer-to-peer
messaging apps, and sharing economy apps can benefit from features such as user
centricity and data portability.
Individuals
Solution is designed to put people in
control of their own identity information.
Individuals can aggregate digital credentials
about themselves from various parties and decide how to share them. It gives people the independence to
freely change services without losing their online identity.
The solution gives individuals total privacy and control of their personal information, while making data shareable on a trusted network, and ensuring security of identity transactions.
In humanitarian response, blockchain has the potential to be used for
information management, coordination of aid delivery, management of
crowdfunding, tracking supply chain, cash-transfer programming and
boosting humanitarian financing. The technology can provide solutions to
existing challenges in humanitarian assistance such as transparency and
accountability. Blockchain also can allow organisations to gather large
quantities of data about vulnerable populations by using the
distributed database component. To maintain data privacy of these
populations, organisations can use private blockchain to allow only
certain networks to gain access to the data.
Do you primarily provide products or services directly to individuals, or to other organizations?
What is your path to financial sustainability?
-Sale of IP
-Fundraising drives
-Investment capital
-Grants and donations
If you have raised funds for your solution or are generating revenue, please provide details.
N/A
If you seek to raise funds for your solution, please provide details.
We shall need to raise about $500,000 by end of 2021 to help us successfully pilot the platform and service in other countries.
What are your estimated expenses for 2020?
By end of 2020, we shall only require about about $150,000.
Why are you applying to the Mission Billion Challenge Global Prize?
First, to receive capital for our project to enable its
implementation and testing. Without capital to push the project, it all
remains just a dream.
Secondly, we hope to network and meet different intellectuals from around the globe. From whom we hope to gain pieces of advice and knowledge about our vision. And we trust it will have so much impact on our future projects.
Also we applying to particularly get a platform through which we can Market, network and acquire more relevant contacts to help us in the development, implementation and scale of the project
In which of the following areas do you most need partners or support?
What organizations would you like to partner with, and how would you like to partner with them?
-ICT Companies
-World Bank
-World Food Program
-UNHCR
-African governments.
-IBM Blockchain Services
Each of these organizations will help us in one way or the other via development, prototyping, piloting and scale of the project, fundraising, marketing, implement among other services as need may present itself.
Please explain in more detail here.
We shall require more help in assembling the technology as well as finding the market for the products as well as getting endorsement for more financial opportunities.
Solution Team
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Solution Name:
AmSecure - Blockchain powered Digital ID