Clean agriculture Food sovereignty

The deficient and insufficient production of horticultural food in the municipality of Manizales, historically has been evidenced a reduction in the consumption and distribution of reduced food for human nutrition, which is why a strategy that encourages and encourages the production of vegetables arises, implementation clean agriculture practices in order to improve quality and safety, protect the environment, reduce the use of agrochemicals and ensure the well-being of producers; in this way it is positively impacting the quality and accessibility of horticultural foods, reducing the negative impact of the carbon footprint, directly benefiting the producer's profitability (lower production cost, increased profit)

"DEFICIENT AND INSUFFICIENT PRODUCTION OF VEGETABLE FOODS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF MANIZALES" which generates a negative impact not only on the careful one, but also becomes a constant at the national and global level; locally it affects 405,234 people, involving socio-economic, health and environmental aspects.

Situation caused by lack of implementation of public policies, little investment by the state, little sensitivity and education to self-supply programs. This leads to governments not planning on issues of sustainability and peasant and community family agriculture, added to insufficient inspection, logistics, distribution, use of agrochemicals, and abuse of water resources.

The above is evidence of a shortage of food production by local residents, which is why they must be purchased in an external market at a higher cost, with the aggravating circumstance that they are not products produced responsibly in the use of chemical elements. highly polluting, which not only affect the ecosystem, but also human health.

This is why the need arises to start with local strategies, implement clean agriculture and food sovereignty models in ways that influence activities to reduce the negative damages of the traditional agricultural system.

Through processes of transformation of agriculture, it seeks to promote the production and consumption of healthy food by applying cleaner production techniques and management of good agricultural practices, which allows improving the quality, availability and safety of food, helping to reduce the carbon footprint.

Applying concepts of clean agriculture and food sovereignty, farmers will be given capacities that can reduce costs in the establishment and maintenance of vegetable gardens for self-consumption and loading, in addition to acquiring a product free of contaminants harmful to human health and harmful to ecosystems in which they are found, also allows recovering family farming practices, reducing intermediation and cost in the download and distribution chain. In the environmental factor, it allows oxygenating and recovering the properties of the soil, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, reducing the infiltration of agrochemicals that contaminate groundwater,

As specified, the improved solution to the urban and rural area of the Municipality of Manizales reducing the most vulnerable inhabitants, the levels of malnutrition and the effects on human and ecosystem health, due to the low availability of food from agricultural production and to the indiscriminate use of agrochemical inputs, therefore the Mayor's Office of Manizales through the Rural Management Unit has reached Food Security programs whose main objectives are:

1) Promote and incentivize the production of food from the basic basket in a sustainable and competitive manner, allow the permanent and stable supply of food to the local population and why not, participate in national trade.

2) Create the conditions so that the population of the urban and rural areas, particularly the population groups in vulnerable conditions, have access to at least the food from the basic basket, which allows them to satisfy food and nutritional needs. In the same way, develop skills to boost production for self-consumption and to generate income.

Within the Challenge framed in the theme of Food and Sustainable Systems we find the way to produce and consume low-carbon food is by way of clean agriculture and food sovereignty. With about 450,000 thousand inhabitants in its urbanity and with a rural population of about 29,000 people, Manizales is the stage for the challenge because it has all the thermal floors to develop home gardens, incentivize the production of vegetables to bring economic benefits, environmental and social.

Currently, the socio-environmental commitment is of great relevance in all production processes, with the agrochemical sector not remaining on the sidelines. For this, it is necessary to create materials that are neither toxic nor harmful to the environment and health.

That is why the use of biorational technology is required, understanding it as a biological treatment to avoid and stop the reproduction of a pest, with low risk to humans, the environment and wildlife, thus allowing us to combat negative environmental impacts, such as soil compaction, erosive processes, groundwater contamination, decrease in genetic diversity, deforestation, accumulation of hazardous waste such as agrochemical containers, loss of wildlife and wild flora; and also to impact positively by fighting famine due to the low investment costs required to employ them, with all the aforementioned, it seeks to apply this technology to provide clean agriculture within a food sovereignty which generates its own food for the producers sustaining it over time through a generational inheritance.

This technology reduces some economic and social problems such as the growing insecurity about the productivity and future profitability of agricultural establishments, over time generates a sustainable agronomy, with the production of low-carbon food and other components that can cause deterioration in the health of human beings.

Implement biorational pest management in producers, which refers to the intelligent and effective management of these organisms, using all available tools that are effective and compatible with each other, but above all with minimal impact on the environment and human beings. The products used for the management of pests in a biorational way are those of natural, biological or chemical synthesis origin that have low environmental impact.

The National Center of Sugar Cane in Colombia (CENICAÑA), currently has some laboratories in the sugar mills where insects are produced that are used in their crops as biological controllers, in addition there are at least a dozen production companies that supply from beneficial insects to growers, it promotes technological innovation of sugar mills and sugarcane growers in the region, managing research projects; In this process the Trichogramma wasp is used, which is in charge of parasitizing the eggs of the Lepidopteran insect-plague.

Like CENICAÑA there are other entities such as the National Coffee Research Center (CENICAFÉ) in which parasitoids are implemented to control the Coffee bit, such as Cephalonomia stephanoderis parasitizes the bit in coffee, reducing damage levels below the economic threshold and Prorops nasuta are parasitoids that decrease bit populations immediately because they cause bit death in all states.

For the control of pest insects, entomopathogenic microorganisms are used that cause diseases to the pest insects, leading to their death after a short incubation period. There is also Bacillus subtilis which is a cosmopolitan bacterium, which is in charge of biologically controlling fungal and bacterial diseases such as: Fusarium spp, Pythium spp, Phytophthora spp, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia spp, Verticillium dahliae, Botrytis cinerea, Erwinia spp.

"Food security exists when all people have, at all times, physical and economic access to safe and nutritious food to satisfy their nutritional needs and their food needs, in order to lead an active and healthy life." This definition gives greater strength to the multidimensional nature of food security and includes “the availability of food, access to food, the biological use of food, and the stability [of the other three elements over time] ”(FAO, 2006).

Food sovereignty resting on six pillars:

1. It focuses on food for the people: a) It places the need for food of the people at the center of the policies. b) Insists that food is more than a limitation.

2. Value food providers: a) Support sustainable lifestyles. b) Respect the work of all food providers.

3. Locate food systems: a) Reduce the distance between food suppliers and consumers. b) Rejects dumping and inappropriate food assistance. c) Resist dependence on remote and irresponsible corporations.

4. Place control at the local level: a) Control places are in the hands of local food providers. b) Recognize the need to inhabit and share territories. c) Rejects the privatization of natural resources.

5. It promotes knowledge and skills: a) It is based on traditional knowledge. b) Use research to support and transmit this knowledge to future generations. c) Rejects technologies that threaten local food systems.

6. It is compatible with nature: a) It maximizes the contributions of ecosystems. b) improves resilience. c) Rejects the intensive use of industrialized monoculture energy and other destructive methods.

Currently: 180 coffee families in the rural area of the municipality of Manizales that are located in the 7 townships, are low-income families who have a sufficient area to install the orchards.

  In one year: 330 families (with whom this year will be working, 180 by the mayor's program and 150 by the Coffee Growers Committee) which are located in the Rural Zone of the Municipality of Manizales.

In five years: 500 families with this figure have a coverage of 14% of the total of the rural area of Manizales.

 (http://manizalescomovamos.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/mcvunificado_sept_14-2.pdf)

The objectives within the next year are:

-Promote food for the entire population of the municipality of Manizales ensuring its sustainability over time.

-Guarantee the rural population the right to make decisions regarding how and what?

-Promote respect for the culture of the communities, as well as traditional knowledge and skills, encourage barter and batteries, avoiding intermediation.

Promote the establishment of home gardens for self-consumption and establish a local level.

So we can consider the main objective of the solution within the first year is to have healthy food for human beings, that is continuous over time, respecting the environment and that there is an interaction between communities.

Within the next 5 years the main objectives are:

-Promote food sustainability at local and national level

-Ensure that clean technologies are used throughout the rural area and at the national level.

-Involve microeconomic aspects, have food availability, which resulted in some surpluses for exports, that generate income and that there be profitability of the products.

-Maintain the sustainability of home gardens over time, increasing production and new technologies.

-Maintain over time with the new generations the culture of food sovereignty in the implementation of home gardens.

The barrier that currently exists is the culture that farmers currently have and their perception of the effect that agrochemicals cause when applying them and that cause a faster effect than biorational technologies.

The existence of the chemical products industry that encourages the purchase and use of these products, which despite a negative impact on the environment, offers the producer the idea that the effect caused by the use of these agrochemicals will achieve their Products or crops have a shorter harvest time compared to using organic products.

No sincere child with the users who purchase their products on the negative impacts that it brings for health, the environment and the high costs that they have compared to the use of other technologies.

At five years the barrier is that the generational inheritance does not continue with the project of urban gardens and they are dispersed in other activities or that they take up cultures that have already been replaced by these new technologies.

To make the community appropriate and have a sense of belonging to the project, since if at any time the entity cannot generate technical advice, we can continue to instill and replicate the knowledge and experiences acquired.

To remedy these problems and strengthen the solution, it is proposed to support young people in a more forceful way by creating easy access to high-quality education with transportation and good infrastructure; in addition to the creation of a land access plan for young people where they can access economic leases and tenure offers through the acquisition of low-interest bank loans

Understand that people who live in rural areas have the same rights, services and opportunities as those who live in cities, therefore it is important to have the same business opportunities, internet access and information technology.

Carry out accounting over time to know the assets and liabilities that the property has so that the investment is assured in the different stages of the project.

Train young people to be professionals and possess the knowledge that is required both environmentally and technically for all stages of crop establishment and maintenance.

Have a balance against production costs and sales costs to make it profitable

Carrying out a follow-up to verify that the technologies used in the solution are those that are being used in orchards in rural areas

The Mayor's Office of Manizales, through the Ministry of Agriculture with the Rural Management Unit, is a non-profit governmental organization that aims to encourage the creation of home gardens to supply their own needs and generate investments to obtain resources. It has a multidisciplinary team among agronomists, environmental and food engineers, administrator of agricultural companies, social workers who perform technical assistance for the establishment and maintenance of home gardens and generate food sovereignty that positively impacts reducing poverty, famine , health, education, clean water, sustainable cities and communities.

The team of the secretariat of agriculture through the rural management unit, has a team of 5 agricultural engineers, 1 Environmental Engineer, 1 Food Engineer, 2 social workers 1 Administrator of agricultural companies that have the experience, knowledge and appropriation of the subject to carry out the technical consultancies required to execute the project and continue to encourage the establishment of home gardens with a view to transmission and protection of the environment.

We are a work team attached to the Secretary of Agriculture through the Rural Management Unit that has been working on food security issues and that has developed inter-administrative agreements with the agreement of the coffee growers committee.

Currently there is an agreement between the Coffee Growers Committee and the Mayor's Office of Manizales whose main objective is to promote quality, productivity and environmental sustainability in the rural sector of the municipality of Manizales; Exactly a targeting of people who want to be part of the program and who focus on a productive area that can be used for the establishment and maintenance of the garden was carried out.

In addition to this, thanks to the agreement, seeds and supplies are established to establish home gardens, agricultural extension is carried out for the establishment and maintenance, throughout the home garden process, control and monitoring of all project activities is carried out , review of the good use of the materials delivered, that have been used and that continue to generate a continuous process and once we have the harvest we can continue to re-seed the seeds to continue the process.

Carry out home gardens using biorational technologies to ensure that rural producers obtain healthy food, carry out staggered plantings to maintain food throughout the year, and that they can generate income through production.

The organization provides very good quality technical assistance to the rural population with an impact on the social, economic, and environmental aspects, which can be saved by taking advantage of the resources of the same property and generating additional income from the sale of surpluses produced during the harvest. Plant material, seeds and supplies and services are provided as technical assistance, monitoring and evaluations of plantings and post-harvests of home gardens, they are taught to prepare and improve food, they are also taught that surpluses that do not Preparations for refrigeration can be marketed and consumed in the future without detriment to their properties. These products and services are made through agreements through which donations and training are carried out for the execution of the project. It is needed because thanks to this project, basic needs that human beings have are met, fighting poverty and hunger, improving their nutritional level.

The proposal is presented to SOLVE because it is a project to guarantee its stability and continuity in the future, therefore it requires a budget to acquire the necessary elements to establish the home gardens, involving and reaching the objective goal of 580 families in a period 5 years.

 Thus, the users of the project can have the materials, seeds, and supplies to establish their home gardens, having and a stability and consistency in the food supply before, during and after the execution of the project.

 This will have a positive impact on the 17 sustainable development goals, in which famine, poverty, health, the improvement of natural resources, the introduction of new agricultural strategies such as mixed crops, and adequate rotation are being combated. of crops and the use of organic agricultural inputs.

 There will be a marketing at the local and national level where we can be pioneers in implementing friendly and sustainable strategies and technologies with the environment in the municipality of Manizales.

The main objective is to have a legal framework that supports us for the project processes and the beneficiaries fully comply with the requirements demanded by the municipal mayor's office to be part of the project.

You also want to have effective marketing to create loyalty with the beneficiaries and make it a future for the community that seeks to be part of the benefits generated by the project.

The Manizales mayoralty from the Rural Management Unit would like to be able to associate with entities such as:

 FAO, Coffee Growers Committee, Fenalco, World Health Organization (WHO), Foreign and local academies that have knowledge in the application of these technologies.

 All these entities or others that want to be linked to the process can contribute knowledge about the experiences that the applications of biorational technologies have already had and the mistakes that have been made to base them as experience.

 Through FAO and the World Health Organization we can have recognition that it is helping to combat poverty and health by improving the quality of life of users

Because the Project seeks to impact about 580 families in a period of 5 years.