Urban Organic waste recycling through bio-compost technique

The problem to be solved is severe accumulation of organic wastes in cities. Many methods have employed in management of waste in cities such as pit filling, ground dumping and burning but they are not environmental friend, source of pollution and eruption of diseases.

The biological management of organic waste by using black soldier fly larvae is the solution which can solve the problem of accumulation of organic wastes in cities by conserving environment and maintain health status of citizens.

This solution can positively change the lives of millions if scaled globally due to; Production of organic fertilizer to compensate use of industrial fertilizer due to its high costs whereby few farmers can afford. Enhance livestock keeping. BSFL are rich in proteins, used as livestock feed. Income generation by selling fertilizer and livestock feed processed from BSFL since the organic wastes will not be a menace but a valuable resources. 

Waste management is a major environmental concern worldwide as well as in Tanzania where this situation is severe in Dodoma city. Tanzania has a population of people estimated to 60.91 million where 410,956 found in Dodoma city. The rapid population growth, economic development and industrialization paralleled the increased solid waste production, lack of fund proper technology to manage wastes make the problem be huge.

In Tanzania more than 10,000 tons waste generated per day countrywide. About 50% of wastes generated in urban areas are collected daily and disposed. Dodoma Municipality is estimated to generate 305 tons of waste daily. The capacity of the council to remove solid waste is only 100 tons (33%) out of the 305 tons. The remaining 67% of daily waste generated is improperly disposed, leading to disease and health risks such as malaria, bacillary dysentery, and cholera.

The challenge has led to problem such as shortage of land for residence and other social economic use as the population increases, air pollution caused of smoke from burning wastes which increases carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, bad odor and house fly colonies around dumping areas and diversification of human feed to livestock feed such as maize and sardine.

Out of the total population in Dodoma, 48.5% are male while 51.5% are female. Dodoma has different ethnic groups because it is a government administrative center. There are several universities in Dodoma including University of Dodoma, with about 35,000 students.

I work with the community by giving education on environmental conservation, and solution will address their needs as follows

The municipal authorities in charge of the recycling of the waste will take part in the project by formulating policy and legal frameworks, informing the community on the importance of the project, implementation and sustainability of the project. Also households in each street of the city and institutions (markets, factories, hospitals, schools, Universities) who are key producers of waste. In each street and institution the dwellers will sensitized on the important of selective collection of waste for bio composting industry, the project intend install several 500L wheel bins which will be marked showing the type of garbage need to be disposed before transported to the bio composting industry. Finally stakeholder especially the producer of wastes will change their behaviour and selectively place the waste in respective bins, the wastes will be an opportunity and not a menace.

The intend project seeks to use black soldier flies (BSF) Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) which will have multiple impacts to the society; producing organic fertilizer through bio-composting technology which will then be used for vegetable production, sustainable environmental protection and larvae will be used as source protein to livestock.

HOW THE TECHNOLOGY WORKS

Black soldier fly technology is cost-effective and a promising tool for organic waste management especially in developing countries where funds is among the barrier for proper. The Black Soldier Fly (BSF) is often found near organic waste where their larvae feed on the waste. BSF Larvae are able to utilize massive amounts of organic waste about 50 to 80% and accumulate some polluting compounds from the waste. Three tons of daily waste would enable the production of a larval biomass of 150 kg of BSF Larvae per day (dry weight of pre-pupae). They also modify the bacterial micro flora by reducing the occurrence or abundance of undesirable bacteria. Therefore, BSF larvae increasingly emerge as a sustainable alternative method for organic waste treatment.

 THE SERVICES PROVIDED TO THE POPULATION FROM THE INTENDED SOLUTION.

The rearing of BSF larvae produces residues originating from the digestion of substrate. These residues can be used as bio-fertilizers and are similar to compost.

The technology not only environmental friendly but also provide income to people through processing and selling of livestock feeds as well as production of organic fertilizers. However, deliberate initiation and up-scaling of this technology is missing in most of developing countries and only few studies have been documented showing the important of these flies.

The technology will contribute in saving the huge portion of land for residential and other social economic purposes including agricultural activities. This is due to the reason that the use of land filling as a means of waste disposing method will be reduced, this lead reduction of eruption of diseases which can be caused by run off from dumping areas to water bodies during the rainfall seasons.

For many years now waste is an issue which is of harm impact to the community due to its rewards including polluting environments as well as eruption of none communicable diseases.

The solution becomes innovative by impacting the knowledge of managing wastes without polluting environment, to create awareness in the community how waste can be a valuable resource by solving the community needs such as organic fertilizer, processing of livestock feed as well as creating employment in the community.

This will create willingness of people to change their behaviour of dumping wastes in uncontrolled manner as well as engaging in various socio economic activities such agriculture due to the availability of organic fertilizer which ensures the maximum crop productivity of promising return.

The core technology utilized by the solution is a biological technology, this is due to the use of living organism (Black soldier fly larvae) in decomposition of organic wastes since they eat on whatever kind of the organic substances provided. In Tanzania the technology is new since it has ever applied anywhere by anybody. Also the products which are produced from the technology used are used biologically too, for example the organic fertilizer adds soil nutrients to improve soil fertility, and livestock feed rich in proteins support suitable growth and the health of feeders. 

Production of organic wastes is the continuous and a daily event everywhere where human being found. The solution is expected to solve the problem due to good climatic conditions which support the life of black soldier fly larvae this assure the continuity of their life cycle as well as the better efficiency in their decomposition activity.

There is availability of land to build the decomposition factory, this will prevent the interaction of people in disturbing the activities and conditions for growth and development of larvae.

Assurance the black soldier fly larvae is confirmed due to presence of huge production of organic waste in the city, a raw material needed by BSFL as their feed while managing waste recycling in the city.

From the research I conducted it at the University of Dodoma had gave the significance results to recommend the solution to be used in the decomposition of city organic wastes and production of organic fertilizer, this is due to reason that, about 81.18% average weight organic waste samples used had lost after the decomposition also in every fertilizer produced there were addition of NPK twice to thrice times from the initial concentration before the decomposition  

Currently about 100 farmers have been selected as a pilot to test the crops productivity using BSFL produced fertilizer.

Within next year more than 1000 farmers will be encouraged to use the BSFL produced fertilizer in order to maximize their crops productivity.

Along with maximizing the number of farmers who will utilize the fertilizer, we are intended within the next year all the municipal organic waste being recycled.

Within five years to come do we expect to serve all 410 956 people found in  Dodoma by gathering their produced organic wastes from their respective places, maximizing the project stations within three regions of Tanzania including Arusha and Dar es- salaam city. This will be solving the problem of waste management to more than 10 million people while creating job opportunities to thousands of women and girls.

The following are our goals which our project will impact within five years to come.

As the project will be growing, to ensure that maximum of 90% of waste scattering decreased hence environmental clean city,

Selective disposal of urban wastes.

Poverty reduction through increased vegetable, fish and chicken production using organic fertilizer and BSF larvae.

Indicators.

Increased level of sanitation;

Reduced level of malnutrition to under 5 children;

Increased purchasing power to community;

Increased youth and woman employment rate due to their engagement in agriculture, fish farm and chicken rearing.

To reach large audience the learning outcome will be documented through various ways such organizing scientific workshops, regular meeting with the community, publication in peer reviewed journals, book chapter.  In addition, project information will be shared using the social media such Facebook, Google+, linked in, twitter and Instagram.

There are various barriers which hinder the continuity of the project, these are likely to be as follows;

Risk management considerations and potential actions to mitigate them Inefficient funds can limit the continuation of the project, this can be mitigated by request other key partners such environmental activist, municipal authority and NGOs willing to contribute to the project.

Poor management of BSF, which may led to death of parent stock, training community on BSF keeping will ensure the sustainability of the project.

Behavioral change of the community on selectively disposal of urban waste, training and sensitization meeting often be organized to remind the community on the importance of selectively disposal of waste to easy transport and reducing waste sorting time.

In order to overcome currently barriers existing as well as to make the project familiar to the community in order to reach the main objective of urban waste recycling processes, the intended project will work with potential selected target groups through formal and informal mechanisms.

To create awareness and sensitizing community on selective disposal of urban waste the channels to deliver messages to the audience will be through meetings, workshops, conferences and local newspapers.

Key stakeholders will be contacted directly, and communication with them will focus on presenting scientifically collected information in a more concise, to the point and practical formats, for example, contribution of project in employment, food security, human health improvement and malnutrition reduction. Feedback dissemination to the non-scientific target groups will be mostly through publications in popular newspapers, journals and magazines, web publications, TV and radio interviews and broadcasts, presentations at information days.

The result of the research will published in peer reviewed journals, book chapter and newspapers. The main communication and dissemination channels to be used by the intended project are;

Project owned dissemination channels: Newsletter, leaflets, posters, videos and social networks.

There are,  two full time workers, three researchers and two contractors. this makes totality of seven workers in this solution.

In order to overcome currently barriers existing as well as to make the project familiar to the community in order to reach the main objective of urban waste recycling processes, the intended project will work with potential selected target groups through formal and informal mechanisms.

To create awareness and sensitizing community on selective disposal of urban waste the channels to deliver messages to the audience will be through meetings, workshops, conferences and local newspapers.

Key stakeholders will be contacted directly, and communication with them will focus on presenting scientifically collected information in a more concise, to the point and practical formats, for example, contribution of project in employment, food security, human health improvement and malnutrition reduction. Feedback dissemination to the non-scientific target groups will be mostly through publications in popular newspapers, journals and magazines, web publications, TV and radio interviews and broadcasts, presentations at information days.

The result of the research will published in peer reviewed journals, book chapter and newspapers. The main communication and dissemination channels to be used by the intended project are;

Project owned dissemination channels: Newsletter, leaflets, posters, videos and social networks.

Currently the project, these are;

1. Dodoma municipal authorities. These play a huge role of implementation of the project to the dwellers of Dodoma city and eating awareness on how the community can use organic waste as a valuable resource and not a an environment contaminant.
2. The University of Dodoma. this is the place where researches are conducted as well as training of students on how insects can be of positive gain in the case of environment conservation.

A model of a business is to establish an organization which will have a Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae production industry, this will aim to produce organic fertilizer from compost of organic waste and production of livestock feed generated directly from BSF larvae, This will be the main key of raising fund to our organization and an industry life.

From organic fertilizer people will be enhanced to have urban gardens as well as a wide range of fertilizer market hence gaining of income, this is an advantage revenue to beneficiaries and to the organisation. From livestock feed, this will ensure a constant availability of feed to livestock hence assurance of a prosperous livestock keeping.

The key customers are livestock keepers and farmers. These are the one who will acquire fertilizer and livestock feed for their farms as well as their livestock.

The beneficiaries of this project will include the whole community in various cases such as; to reduce the rate of non-communicable disease eruption in the community, to reduce malnutrition especially to under 5 years old through urban gardening and cleaning environment. Creating employment will be the benefit to the whole community to people.

Entrepreneur Support Model will be used to fund money to this work,

This will consists of selling of our products, fertilizer and livestock feed to targeted population aiding by supplier. The money which will be raised on will sent back for the development of the business. 

The barriers which solve can help to overcome order to enhances this technology which is not only environmental friendly but also provide income to people through processing and selling of livestock feeds as well as production of organic fertilizers are likely to be as follows;

• To reach the overall objective of Environment protection and socio-economic development of the community through bio-compost technology using black soldier fly in Dodoma and Ouagadougou cities.
• To fulfil Specific objective which are;

1. Installation of 500L food waste wheel bins to assist with conveniently disposing of organic waste.
2. Establishment of cages for black soldiers fly
3. Establishment of permanent area for decomposition of large amount  of organic wastes produced in cities.

The municipals counselor are the main partners to I would like to partner with, this is due to a reason that they play a major role in keeping the city clean, to be partner with them will enhance the solution of waste decomposition by using the BSFL (a biological method) to be well known to the community as well as the products which will be produced from the solution to be familiar to consumers.

Universities are partners to cooperate with them too, This is due to a reason of conducting more researches for our products for recommendations to users.

The team will utilize the prize by promoting the present solution in the community in order to build up trust among the community dwellers on the solution as well as to  make them aware of the new technology in conserving environments and make wastes a valuable resources in turning it into an income generation source as well as into agricultural success alternative.

The prize will not bed just a personal reward but it will a key director for the promotion of the solution as well as a whole community property.